Some changes are not so good -Oncogenes

As mentioned earlier post, two types of genes are being responsible for the development of cancers.Those being oncogenes and tumour supressor genes.
Onco genes are formed by the changes happen in normal genes in the genome, which are called the Proto -oncogenes.Proto-oncogenes regulate the normal processes of the cell, including, cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, cell cycle control and apoptosis.
So, not unexpectedly, the mutations in these genes will lead to the formation of malignant tissue.

Activation of oncogenes:
The proto-oncogene can become an oncogene by a relatively small modification of its original function. There are three basic activation types:

1. A mutation within a proto-oncogene can cause a change in the protein product
2. An increase in protein concentration caused by,

• increased gene expression or
• by increased protein(mRNA) stability in the cell

3. A chromosomal translocation causing,

• an increased gene expression in the wrong cells at wrong times or
• an expression of an hybrid abberent protein

Hoping to talk about the types of of oncogenes in the next post............